Why Is My Nail Discoloured?

A change in nail colour can be worrying. Many people assume it must be a fungal infection, but that is not always the case. Nail discolouration can occur for a number of reasons, ranging from minor trauma through to infection or underlying skin conditions.

At our Albany Creek clinic, we regularly assess nail colour changes in patients from across North Brisbane, often before symptoms become painful or advanced. In many cases, early assessment helps prevent unnecessary progression and ensures the right treatment is started sooner rather than later.

Fungal Nail Infections

One of the most common causes of nail discolouration is a fungal nail infection. These infections are most often caused by organisms known as dermatophytes. Over time, fungal infections can lead to thickened, brittle or distorted nails and may become uncomfortable, particularly in footwear.

Fungal nail infections are contagious and can spread to other toes or to other members of the household. They tend to progress slowly, which means they are often present for some time before people seek treatment.

Risk Factors for Developing Fungal Nail Infections

Fungal nail infections are very common and can affect people of all ages. They are not related to poor hygiene and often develop gradually over time. In many cases, several contributing factors are present rather than one clear cause.

Reduced Circulation

As we age, circulation to the feet naturally reduces. This can make it harder for the body to fight off infection and slows nail growth, giving fungal organisms more opportunity to take hold.

Sweaty Feet/Sweaty Socks and Shoes

Sweaty feet are another common contributor. Warm, moist environments inside socks and shoes create ideal conditions for fungal organisms to thrive, particularly for people who spend long hours in enclosed footwear or who exercise regularly.

Previous Nail Trauma

Previous nail trauma can also increase risk. This may be from a single injury such as stubbing a toe, or repeated pressure from footwear. Even minor damage can alter the nail plate and make it easier for infection to develop. Certain skin conditions, including psoriasis, can also change nail structure and appearance.

Communal Showers, Change Rooms and Nail Salons

Walking barefoot in warm, damp environments such as communal showers, pool areas and bathrooms remains one of the most common ways fungal infections are transmitted. Nail salons that do not follow appropriate sterilisation procedures can also increase the risk of infection.

Other Causes of Nail Discolouration

Not all nail colour changes are fungal. This is why assessment is important before starting treatment.

Nail Trauma or Pressure

Repeated pressure from footwear, long periods of walking or running, or a single knock to the nail can cause bleeding beneath the nail plate. This often appears dark red, purple or black and can take several months to grow out. While it can look alarming, it is often harmless once properly assessed.

Skin Conditions

Conditions such as psoriasis can affect the nails, causing discolouration, thickening or pitting. These changes can closely resemble fungal infections but require a different management approach.

Other Causes

In rare cases, changes in nail colour may be related to medication use or more serious conditions. Any nail that changes rapidly, becomes painful, or shows a dark streak that does not move as the nail grows should be assessed promptly.

Treatment

The type of treatment required depends on the cause of the nail discolouration and how much of the nail is involved. There is no single treatment that works for everyone.

Mild or superficial fungal infections may respond well to topical treatments when used consistently. These treatments work best when the infection is identified early and the nail is not excessively thickened.

More established infections often require regular nail debridement. Reducing nail thickness allows topical treatments to penetrate more effectively and helps improve comfort in footwear. In some cases, oral antifungal medication may be recommended in consultation with your GP, particularly when multiple nails are involved or progress has been slow.

If nail discolouration is caused by trauma or pressure rather than infection, treatment may simply involve monitoring the nail as it grows out. Footwear changes are often recommended to prevent ongoing damage and allow the nail to recover naturally.

Your podiatrist will assess the nail, discuss your medical history and recommend the most appropriate management plan based on your individual situation.

Tips to Reduce the Risk of Fungal Nail Infection

While fungal nail infections are common, there are practical steps you can take to reduce your risk, particularly if you are prone to sweaty feet or frequent communal environments.

Avoid communal nail polishes. Nail polish used by multiple people can easily transmit fungal spores. If someone with a fungal infection has used the brush before you, spores can remain in the bottle and be transferred to your nails.

Avoid leaving nail polish on for long periods. Leaving polish on for extended periods can mask early changes in the nail, delaying treatment and allowing infection to progress unnoticed.

Wear footwear in communal showers and bathrooms. Fungal organisms thrive in warm, damp environments. Wearing thongs or shower shoes in communal areas such as gyms, pools and shared bathrooms significantly reduces your risk.

Change socks regularly. If you have sweaty feet, changing into a fresh pair of socks during the day can help reduce moisture. At a minimum, always wear clean socks daily and allow shoes to dry fully between wears.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is a discoloured nail always fungal?

No. Trauma, pressure from footwear and skin conditions can also cause nail colour changes. A podiatry assessment can help determine the cause.

Can fungal nails clear on their own?

Fungal nail infections rarely resolve without treatment and often worsen over time. Early management usually leads to better outcomes.

How long does fungal nail treatment take?

Treatment often takes several months because toenails grow slowly. The timeframe depends on how much of the nail is affected and the treatment used.

Is nail discolouration serious?

Most nail colour changes are not dangerous, but some should be assessed early. Sudden changes, pain or dark streaks that do not grow out should be checked.

Can a podiatrist diagnose fungal nails?

Often, yes. A podiatrist can assess the nail and may recommend testing in some cases to confirm the diagnosis before treatment begins.

Do you assess nail discolouration at your Albany Creek clinic?

Yes. We regularly assess nail colour changes at our Albany Creek clinic and see patients from across North Brisbane for fungal nail infections, nail trauma and other nail concerns.

When to See a Podiatrist

If you have a nail that has changed in colour, shape or thickness, or you are concerned about its appearance, it is worth having it assessed. Early assessment often means simpler treatment, faster results and a better long term outcome.

To book an appointment, call My Family Podiatry on 3088 6116 or click the button below.

Book An Appointment